Measles

What is Measles?

Measles is a highly infectious viral disease caused by the measles virus. It remains one of the leading causes of death among young children globally, even though a safe and effective vaccine is available. Measles can affect anyone, but it is most common in children.

What are the symptoms of Measles?

High fever, runny nose, cough, red and watery eyes, and small white spots inside the cheeks are early signs. A rash of flat red spots typically appears on the face and spreads down the body a few days later. Severe cases can lead to complications such as pneumonia, brain swelling, blindness, and death, particularly in malnourished children and those under five.

How does Measles spread?

Measles spreads easily through the air when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes, and through direct contact with infected nasal or throat secretions. The virus can remain active and contagious in the air or on surfaces for up to two hours, making it one of the most contagious diseases known.

What is Measles's status in Pakistan?

Measles outbreaks continue to occur in Pakistan, particularly in areas with low vaccination coverage. Sindh has seen periodic outbreaks linked to gaps in routine immunization. Sustained high coverage of the measles vaccine through EPI, along with catch-up campaigns, is critical to closing these gaps and preventing future outbreaks.

How do you prevent Measles?

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles. Children receive the measles vaccine at 9 months of age, followed by a second dose (as part of the Measles-Rubella vaccine) at 15 months. Two doses provide strong, long-lasting protection and are given free of charge through EPI Sindh.

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